Best known for his development of electromagnetic theory, Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell was also interested in colour theory. Maxwell directed photographer Thomas Sutton to produce the first colour photograph of a tartan ribbon in 1861. Sutton took three photographs of the ribbon, through a red, green, and blue filter. The plates were then developed and projected on a screen by three projectors, again with the same color filters used to take the photographs. They were then recombined in focus to produce one colour composite. (Wiki)
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